Controlling access to confidential data is a major concern for many companies. Data that is sensitive can be closely tied to trust among customers. This makes it all the more crucial to guard against misuse. Data that can identify an individual should be governed by guidelines to prevent identity fraud, the compromise of accounts or systems, and other grave consequences. To avoid these risks and to limit the risk of data breaches, access to sensitive information should be restricted according to roles-based authorization.
There are a variety of models that allow access to sensitive information. The most basic model, a discretionary access control (DAC) allows an owner or administrator to choose who can view files and the actions they can take. This is the default in most Windows, macOS, and UNIX file systems.
A more secure, robust method is to use role-based access control (RBAC). This model aligns privileges to the requirements of a specific job. It also implements key security principles, such as separation of privilege and the principle of least privilege.
Access control that is fine-grained goes beyond RBAC and gives administrators to grant access to users based on their identity. It makes use of a technologyform com combination that includes something you are familiar with, such as an account number, password or device that generates codes, and things you own, like keys, access cards, or devices that generate codes and also something you are such as your fingerprint, iris scan, or voice print. This gives you more control and can eliminate the majority of issues with authorization, including unmonitored access from former employees or access to sensitive data via third-party applications.